Margin regulator for typewriters



y 14, 1929' R. w. ROBINSON 1,712,904

I MARGIN REGULATOR FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed Aug. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet l gwwznto'v R. W 120515716010,

May 14, 1929,

R. w. ROBINSON MARGIN REGULATOR FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed Aug. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 R. WRa6in-san/ MARGIN REGULATOR FOR TYPEWRITERS' Filed Aug. 4, 1926 In 4 I 56 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 g wuqnim:

R. MR0 513 145070,

R. w. ROBINSON 1,712,904 MARGIN REGULATOR FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed Aug. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 y 14, 1929- R. w. RoBmsoN I 1, 12,904

MARGIN REGULATOR FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed Aug- 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 glwumto'z Rflfliob 'nson May 14, 1929. R. w. ROBINSON MARGIN REGULATOR FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed Aug- 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet W: W Q

J 0 m w g F r a 7 w 0 m ZI'VVUM/WOM R. pkRoginosom,

lhlay than i This invention relates to typewriters and Fig. 2 is a similar view talren from the as more particularly tomargin regulator conrear; 7 struction. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a typewriter with The irregularity o the right hand margin the roller .removed, the regulator heing a of typed matter incidental to the varying shown in position forjustifying;

lengths of lines constitutes a serious disad- Fig. t is a perspective view talren from so vantage when such matter is to he duplione side of the device which is shown in the cated by multigraphy or otherwise. Hence, form of an attachment mounted in a frame in this connection the invention recognizes adapted for connection with the typewriter is that in the provision of such a device to no in connection with which" the attachment is complish this function of forming typeshown applied; written lines justified on the right hand Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of one j margin as in ordinary printed matter, it is of the lrey levcr's used in connection with this desirable to construct and assemble the regninvention;

it later so that it may he thrown into or out of Fig. 6 is a similar view of a screw-carryoperation by actuation of a switch or lever ing bar and its cooperating parts with which "(it and which when thrown in will auto1nati the hey levers coordinate; cally justify the lines. Fig. 'l' is a detail perspective view of a To accomplish such justifieation of the portion of a typewriter carriage with parts lines the invention has in view the construcof the justifying mechanism shown mounted tion and application of mechanism of this thereon; character designed to be built into a type- Fig. l is a detail of the swinging traclr; writer, the construction of which is arranged high is a detail rear elevation showing to accommodate it, the typewriter when so the mounting of the swinging track;

equipped operating smoothly and perfectly Fig. 9 is a plan view of a portion of the and with much less noise owing to the fact typewriter carriage, with the platen omitted to that the mechanism of the regulator open and showing parts of the justifying mechaates as a shoclr absorber for the carriage. nism constituting a part of this invention -With this justifying in view, one of the Fig. 10 is a detail perspective view showprimary objects of theinvention is to proing the swinging traclr in inclined position vide mechanism for effecting it which will and the parts coordinating therewith. so greatly enlarge the field of usefulness of the l ig. 11 is a plan view of one of the scale typewriter in addition to simplifying the ,hars used in connection with the invention. production. of duplicated typing of neat Fig. 12 is a detail perspective view of one appearance. of the sliding bloclrs constituting a part of Another object is to so construct a regulathe invention. I I so tor of this character that it may he used for Fig. 13 is a similarview of another block. justifying lines of any desired length and Fig. it is an end elevation showing two with lines beginning and ending at any dehey levers and thepo'sitions assumed when as sired point on the paper. one of them is locked in depressed position Still another object of the invention is to and the other is ready for use for releasing as provide a regulator of this character which it,.and when thrown out of, operation will permit Fig. 15 is a front elevation of a transparthe machine to write in the usual manner. ent mask used in connection with the in- In carrying out these objects, the invenvent-ion.

tron issusceptlhle of a wide range of modih imilar reference characters designate cor rec fication without departing from the spirit responding parts throughout the several ligor sacrificing any of the advantageslof the arcs of the drawings. claimed 1nvent1on;there being shown in the llhe gist of this invention resides in pro 5o drawings for illustrative pur oses a'previdingastandard carriage operating ratchet ferred and practical form in w ich: har in connection with a relatively floating Figure 1 represents a perspective view or movable carriage, as distinguished from taken from the front of a typewriter the carriage and ratchet bar which move in equipped with this improvement. unison, and operated by mechanism by means of which thecarriage is caused to travel a distance greater than the movement of the ratchet bar, on each stroke of a typewriter key, so that the spacing of the letters on the justified copy will be such as to fill the line between the margins and produce even margins at both sides of the sheet.

In carrying this invention into effect a number of different arrangements and combinations may be assembled and therefore the form shown in the drawings is merely illustrative of one type of the invention. This margin regulator which is intended primarily for a standard typewriter machine may obviously beused in connection with a portable by supplying a supplementary framework to the carriage on which to mount the mechanism of the improvement, it being so shown in the embodiment herein illustrated.

In the adaptation of the invention illustrated a Corona typewriter is shown equipped with the improvement mounted on a supplementary frame 1 attached to the track on which the typewriter carriage G travels. This frame is necessary when used with such a machine owing to the fact that the shift keys raise this track with the ratchet bar and platen. A machine supporting frame F is also required for raising the machine above the desk or other supporting surface to permit parts of the attachment located under the keys to operate without interference. 1

The carriage track carried frame 1 and the supporting frame F are. dispensed with when the improvement is used in connection with a standard machine the parts being attached to the bed of the typewriter when applied to such a machine; V

The action of the justifying mechanism shown is based on a sliding ratchet bar 10 mounted to reciprocate in the carriage G of the typewriter and to move back and forth in the direction of. the travel of said car-.

riage for a fixed number of spaces, or for that number of its teeth. In the form shown Y the teeth 11 of the ratchet bar are considered as spaced the standard distance of one tenth of an inch apart and the ratchet bar is designed to have a longitudinal movement of nine-tenths of an inch in the carriage of the typewriter. As shown in Figs. 3 and 7 this ratchet bar 10 slides back and forth in the bed plate 12 of the typewriter carriage and is provided with a projection in the form of a stud or lug 13 which is here shown carried by a plate 14 secured to the ratchet bar and which overlies a longitudinal opening 15 in the bed plate 12. A similar plate 16. overlies another slot or opening 17 in said bed plate and operates as a guide for the ratchet bar. The stud 13 is located to co-v operate with one arin 18 of a bell crank lever 20 the other arm 19 of which carries a roller l9 on the lower face of its outer end for a purpose presently to be described. The bell crank 20 is pivoted on an upright post 21 carried by an extension bracket 22 which is fixed to the carriage bed plate 12 behind the ratchet bar 10.

The free end of the arm 18 of the bell crank 20 is shown offset downwardly to position it in the path of the stud or lug 13 carried by the ratchet bar while the roller carrying end of the arm 19 of said lever is similarly offset to position it to engage a track 23 which'is shown in the form of a straight angle bar L-shaped in cross-section and which has a tubular bearing 24 at one end designed to fit over a post 25 (see Figs. 9 and 12) which has a pointed end toreceive said bearing and permit the track to swing freely thereon. The roller 19 is held in contact with the upright flange of track 23 by the pressure of the carriage when the ratchet bar 10 is held by the regular typewriter mechanism.

The post 25 on which the track 23 swings, is. carried by a block 26 slidably mounted on a bar 29 fixed to the bed of the typewriter. This bar has a scale 30 which corresponds to the regular scale on the front of the type writer and has the same spacings of one tenth of an inch, (see Fig. 11). This bar is also equipped with a plurality of teeth 31 designed to be interlockingly engaged by a pawl 27 carried by the sliding block 26 and by means of which said block may be locked with its pointer registering with any graduation on the scale 30.

The horizontal swinging motion of the track 23 is controlled by a stop 32 with which it is held in contact by a light spring 23, one end of which is secured to the post 25 and the other to the bearing 24 of the track 23. (See Fig. 8.) For use with some machines, any track could be constructed to swing vertically. The stop 32 which regulatesv the swinging movement of the track 23 is carried by a slide in the form of a block 33 mounted to be reciprocatcd on a flat bar 35 similar to bar 29 and which carries a similar scale. This block 33 is designed to be locked at any desired point on the bar 35 by means of a pawl 34 designed to engage teeth 36 on said bar. The point at which the block 33 is locked on its bar will correspond with the point on. the regular typewriter scale at which each line will end and when the justifier is in use the line ends when the roller 19 is opposite the stop 32 as shown in Fig. 10.

The bar 35 is attached at each end to an upright arm 36.. These arms 36 are rigidly attached to a rock shaft 37 mounted in bearings 38 on the bed of the typewriter and which is located directly under the'middlc point of the backward and forward travel ofthe rounded point of the stop 32. The arms 36 which connect this bar 35 with said Jill int

shaft 3'3" are of such length that theeurve traced by the point of the stop 32 will not rise at its center more than about one sixteenth of an inch above a horizontal straight.

line joining its extreme positions.

ll. lever f? is attached to one end of the rock shaft 37 and is actuated by a similar lever t8 on the end of the key lever rock shaft 4:9 by means of a connecting rod 50 as is shown clearly in Fig. 4t. The rock shaft d9 is mounted in bearings on the underside of the typewriter frame at about the center of the machine from back to front. This shaft d9 has an arm 51 rigidly attached at a short distance from each end. These arms project toward the front of the machine and extend slightly downward and their outer ends support a bar 52 which is preferably square in cross section and which carries a plurality of adjusting screws 53 for a purpose presently to be described.

The rock shaft 37 is "provided with a coil spring 52 which has sufficient tension to cause it to throw the bar 35 to its extreme backward position in which position it is held by one of its arms coming in contact with an adjustable stop 5d carried by the frame of the machine and when in this position the bar 52 is in its highest position.

it plurality of key levers 55 of the form shown in llig. 5 are strung on the rock shaft 49 (see ll ig. l) and have tubular bearings 56 at their inner ends through which said shaft passes and which are .of a length to provide for the loose fitting of these levers between the two arms 51 fixed to said shaft. Each key lever 55 has a depending l -shaped foot 57 the laterally extending portion 58 of which lies directly over the bar 52 and is designed to strike the end of one of the adjusting screws 53 which are carried by the bar 52. The feet 57 increase in length from the left to the right hand side of the machine and with this exception the key levers are the same.

it bank of keys 59, nine of which are hefe shown, are each carried by a vertical rod 60 which rods pass loosely through apertures in a plate 61 attached to the typewriter frame behind the regular keys thereof. Each of these keys 59 is suitably connected with a corresponding key lever 55 and the keys are held in raised position by a light spring 62 on each key lever and which also holds the lever in contact witha stationary bar 63 extended across the machine over and about midway the length of the key levers These springs 62 are shown clearly in Fig. 4. hooked over the bar 63. When the key levers 55 are all in contact with the bar 63 the point of the adjusting screw 53 which is located under the key 9, counting them from left to right, does not quite touch the projection or foot on its cooperating key lever, and the distance between the key lever projections aeoa or feet and their screws increases towards the left side of the machine. When one of the keys 59 is pressed down to its lowest point, its foot 57 engages its cooperating adjusting screw 53 and pushes the bar 52 down a greater or lesser distance according to the length of the foot as all the keys travel down the same distance. When the key lever reaches its lowest point at which it is stopped by the head of the key striking the plate 61 it is locked in that position by the edge of a swinging plate tilengaging a square notch 55 formed on the top edge of the free end of each lever. The plate tilt is attached to a bar ti l pivoted at each end on the typewriter frame and it is weighted sufficiently to cause its lower edge to normally swing inward and engage said levers as is shown clearly in Fig. 14:. The levers beyond the notches 55 are provided with downwardly inclined rounded noses 646 as will be seen by reference to Fig. l l. llf the key lever 55 is locked in its lowest position by the plate 64: and

another of said levers is pressed down the outer end of the lever so pressed will strike about the center of the plate ti l and throw it out of the notch 55 of the lever which is locked by the plate and this permits said lever to immediately rise so that its sloping outer end pushing the plate (it back frees the lGVBI'., lift the lever which was partially pressed down to release the locked lever be pressed to its lowest position it will be locked by the plate fi l and will so remain until another key is depressed. The plate 64 is preferably actuated by gravity so that a very slight side pressure will cause it to move when once out of the key. lever notclf and which when once adjusted will remain the same.

, The mechanism is so adjusted that when the ninth key at the right-hand side of the machine is pressed down its lever will push the bar 52 down to and hold it at the posi tion which will cause the point of the stop 32 to hold the track 23 parallel to the travel of the typewriter carriage C so that the machine will type with the regular spacing of one-tenth of an inch. If the eighth key be pressed down the stop 32 will through the mechanism above described move bar 35 and stop 32 in position to hold the track 23 till inclined away from the carriage a distance i which will cause the carriage to have moved one-tenth of an inch more than the ratchet bar 10, when the roller 19 comes opposite the stop 32. lfiach key lever 55 when dopressed through its cooperating key 59 pushes the bar 62 down to the point which permits the carriage to travel one-tenth of an inch further with respect to the travel of the ratchet bar than the key lever to its right, while typing a line. a

- The stop 54 which holds the rock shaft 37 when all the nine keys are up is adjusted to permit one-tenth, inch more travel of the trolled by carriage than that permitted by the first key and this provides ten different actual lengths of lineswhieh can be produced with the same total number of letters and spaces. To obtain this last-setting when one of the keys is locked down, any other key may be partially depressed to release the key and its lock but it must not be depressed far enough to lock the releasing key itself. This may be conplacing the end of the thumb under the head of the key that is used as a releasing key.

The shorter the line the greater will be the inclination of the track 23 away from the carriage when any key is down except the ninth key which produces no inclination of the track but as heretofore pointed out since each line ends with the letter which is typed when the roller 19 is opposite the stop 32 the length of the line makes no difference.

, If the arms of the bell crank 20 be of equal length, measured to their contact points at the beginning of a line, the extreme backward and forward travel of the round point of stop 32 will be nine-tenths of an inch, but the arm in. contact with the track 23 Ynay be shorter than the other as is shown in Figs. 9. and 10. In the form shown the roller carrying arm 19 is one and a half inches long and the other arm 18- is two inches so that the backward and forward travel of the point of the stop 32 is threefourths of nine-tenths of an inch which equals twentyseven fortieths of an inch.'

' A lever 39 is fulcrumed intermediate its ends on the bracket 22 and one end thereof is notched for engagement with a stud l8 on the bell crank arm 18 and which when so engaged operates to hold the lever in its extreme position. On the other side of its fulcrum the lever, is equipped with a lug'40 which dpends from is under face and vis designed to engage the stop 28 on the block 26. This lever g-has an arm 41 extending laterall from its inner edge which is connected y a rod 42 with an operating crank shaft 43 mounted in a suitable bracket 44.

' This crank shaft 43 is equipped with an opcrating knob 45 by means of which the lever 39 may be set from the front of the carriage by turning said knob 0nehalf rotation and whichis equipped with a pointer 46 to as sist in setting the lever. It will be obvious that the knob carrying crank shaft 43 which switch.

is designed to be mounted on the carriage at the left end of the platen will operate to 60 throw the connecting rod 42 from one dead ,ccnter to the other thereby throwing the justifying means into or out of operation and constituting what maybe termed a 'When the lever 39 is in the position shown in Fig. 9 the justifying mechanism is ready for operation and the position which is registered by the block 26' on the bar 29 will be the point on the regular typewriter scale at which each line will begin, and when the carriage is moved back until stopped by the 111g 40 engaging the stop 28, the roller 19- will be opposite the post 25/ For this purpose the regular typewriter stop for the beginning of a line is set back so as to be out of the way and not functioning. \Vhen the carriage is in this position the lever 39 may be locked with the stud 18 of the bell crank and the machine will then type in the usual manner, the beginning of the line being regulated by the regular stop on the machine. When changing the lever 39 from one position to the other, the roller 19 should be brought opposite the post 25.

When the track 23 is held by the stop 32 parallel to the travel of the carriage as in Fig. 9, the machine will type with the usual spacing ofone-tenth of an inch; but when the track is held inclined away from the carriage as in Figs. 3 and 10, every time a key of the typewriter is struck the ratchet and carriage will move one-tenth of an inch or the distance of one tooth of said ratchet bar and the pressure of the carriage causing the roller 19 to follow and bear against the upright flange of track 23 will cause the bell crank to swing on its fulcrum and move its arm 18 to the right in the direction of the arrow (l a certain distance, controlled by the inclination of the track and thus permit the carriage under the action of its spring to move that much further than the ratchet bar, which is the distance between stud 13 and the arm 18. When the carriage has so moved the arm 18 will again contact stud 13 and be ready for-the next movement incident to the striking of another key.

In the use of this regulator the block 33 carrying the track stop 32 is set on bar 35 at a point registering with the same number on the scale at the front of the typewriter at which it isdesired the line shall end, say at 50. The track 23 is always held in engagement with stop 32 by spring 23 and one of the keys 59 is depressed and the lever 55 of said depressed key is locked by the gravity catch 64 as shown in Fig. 14. This locking of lever 55 operates through bar 52, shaft 49, link 48, connecting rod 50, link 47, rock shaft 37 carrying the bar supporting arms 36, to lock stop 32 in its set position so that track 23 will be held against further outward movement until the key 55 is released. This release may be effected in the mannerhereinbefore described, that is by partially depressing another key 59 a distance sufiicient to cause the nose 64 of its cooperating lever 55 to bear against catch 64 and swing it out of engagement with the locked lever 55.

written in the usual rnanner tor the purpose oi ring a copy with yustiiied lines. This rnaslr is preferably a sheet ol clear celluloid and has tour straight lines {it arranged three-tenths oil an inch apart and ruled longitu lly near its right-hand edge parallel i thatedge lhis transparent inaslr is clamped over the original with the rightand ruled line 66 just to the right or"; the let a? or punctua 'on inarlr which ends the l est line ot the sheet at ty 'ng as show. add, and it is so adjusted lltlli the ruled l ice are right angles to the typed lines three letters and spaces conihined ot the longest typed lines tall in each oil the spaces hetween the ruled lines. nen so placed the shorter typed lines will end in either the lllBlD' second. or third place ot one of he three divisions produced hy the ruled.

lines. he shortest perniissihle line oil typin he one which "ends just to the left of the 2 hand ruled line 66% shown. at ltll. Good/ wing is always produced within these iiinits and'allows choice oil the position of the hyphen which divides long words at the end at line. i l ords of nine or more letters are the only ones which ever need to he divided hy this process tor a line ol ordinary length, and then only in special cases.

The lreys 59 are divided into groups oi three each colored diderently the three niiddle hteys 59 heing preterahly colored red and the three at each end white and nuin hered respectively 59 and 59. llhethree red lreys 59 represent the middle space 6'?! hetween the ruled lines at the right oil the rnast and the white lreys the two other spaces nunihered 69 and till. "Very little practice is required to associate thethree sets oil three lreys each with the three spaces oil three letters each, and as the carriage is pushed hack for the" neat line a glance at the end of that line which is just under the last word which has heen copied indicates the hey to he pressed hy the typist. For instance it the next line to he copied ends in the right-hand space oil the middle division til, the righthand red hey is pressed down, it it ends in the rniddle oil the righthand division, the middle one oil the right-hand white keys is pressed down. The typing is then performed as usual and the right hand inargin will he even. The spacing oil the ruled lines inust oi course correspond with the spacing oil the typing to he copied and must he three-twelitths oi an inch tor elite type.

lllfhile nine lreys is the preterahle nuniher used and the numher. here shown ohviously the machine may he constructed with more or less and the mash ruled accordingly.

all

'llhe inaslr t5 shown comprises a simple and convenient term which is attached to the underside of the lower strip it) of the two strips oil wood located at the top oi the hoard. the other strip heing nurnhered ll. A spring lever 79a pivotally naountcd on the strip ll hears at its tree end on strip '5'0 and clamps the mash in operative position. 'lwo strips oil hrass orothe'r suitahle inetal, nurnhered l3 and it, connect strip it) with strip 'l'l and when the lever 72 is turned to re lease the lower strip it]! said strip may he raised sutliciently to permit the insertion and adjustment ot the sheet at typing to he copied whichis slipped underthe celluloid and rests on the strip of wood 15 5 at the hottoni oi e hoard id which constitutes the hase tor supporting the mash. The lower end oil the rnaslr 65 may he held against shitting hy any suitahle means a hloclr oil wood 'l'l heing here shown tor this purpose.

The two vertical lines 78 and Y9 shown adiacent the leift side ol' the mash: are intended for special worlr when it is desired to have the lines o'l a series of pages exactly the sarne length in which case a special line is used to adjust the heginning of the typed lines of the original so that should a page have no line carried out to a limit set it will. he made to correspond with the others in the iustilied copy.

lllfithout' further description it is thought that the "leatures and advantages oil the invention will he readily apparent to those slrilled in the art, and it will oil course he understood that changes in the torin proportion and minor details of construction may he resorted to, without departing "train the spirit at the invention and scope oi the appended claiins,

ll claim; I

la The cornhination with a typewriter carriage; rneans tor varying the distance oil the travel oil the carriage tor each hey action., including a ratchet har slidahle relatively to the carriage a horizontally swinging traclr mounted to he inclined at ditlerent angles to the line of travel oil the carriage, a hell cranl lever carried hy said carriage Psi llltl lid and having one arr'n engaged with said har and the other with said traclr and operahle hy the traclr to permit the carriage to move progressively a greater distance than the ratchet her on each actuation oil a hey, and means including an ahutinent and a plurality oil lreys operatively connected with said ahutrnent and adapted to he selectively oper ated to move said ahutrnent to control the angular position at the swinging traclc 2., The cornhination with a typewriter carriage; ineans tor varying the distance oil the travel oil the carriage for each lrey action, including a ratchet har slidahle relatively to the carriage a horiuontally swinging its track mounted to be inclined at diiierent angles to the line of travel of the carriage, a bell crank lever carried by said carriage and having a roller on one arm engaged with said track, and a lug carried by the bar and engaged with the other arm of said lever whereby the lever is operable by the track to move it away fromsaid lug and thereby permit the carriage to move a greater distance than the bar on each key action.

3. The combination with a typewriter carriage; means for varying the distance of the travel of the carriage for each key action, including a ratchet bar slidable relatively to the carriage, a horizontally swinging track mounted to be inclined at different angles to the lineof travel of the carriage, a bell crank lever carried by said carriage and having a roller on one armengaged with said track, a lug carried by the bar and engaged with the other arm of said lever whereby the lever is operable by the track to move it away from said lug and thereby lockin including a ratchet permit the carriage to move a greater distance than the bar on each key action, and means to lock said lever out of action to cause the carriage to move in unison with said bar.

4. The combination with atypewriter carriage; means for varying the distance of the travel of the carriage for each key action, bar slidable relatively to the carriage, a horizontally swinging track mounted to be inclined at diiferent angles to the line of travel of the carriage,

'a bell crank lever carried by said carriage and having a roller on one arm engaged with said track, a lug carried by the bar and engaged Witli the other arm of said lever whereby the lever is operable by the track to move it away from said lug and thereby permit the carriage to move a greater distance than the bar on each key action, a pivoted member operable to lock said lever but of action to cause the carriage to move in unison with the bar, and means operable from a point remote for controlling said member.

5. The combination with a typewriter carriage; means for varying the distance of the travel of the carriage for each key action including a, ratchet bar slidable relatively to the carriage, a track mounted to be inclined at'difi'erent angles to a line of travel of the carriage, means for controlling the position of the track including a finger projecting into the path of the track to limit its outward swinging movement, and means for said finger in adjusted position.

6. he combination with a typewriter carriage; of means for varying the distance of travel of thecarriage for each key action including a ratchet bar mounted to reciprocate in said carriage, said carriage having an opening located over said bar, a lug carried by said bar projecting through said opening, a swinging track mounted for inclination at different angles to the line of travel of said carriage, a bell crank lever carried by said carriage and having one arm engaged with said track and the other eontaeting with the lug on said ratchet bar whereby when a key is struck the carriage will travel farther than the ratchet bar and thereby justify the line.

7 The combination with a typewriter earriage; of means for varying the distance of travel of the carriage for each key action including a ratchet bar mounted to reciprocate in said carriage, said carriage having an opening'located over said bar, a lug earried by said bar projecting through said opening, a swinging track mounted for inelination at different angles to the line of travel of said carriage, a bell crank lever carried by said carriage and having one arm engaged with said track and the other contacting with the lug on said ratchet bar whereby when a key is struck the arm of the bell crank moving on said inclined traek will cause the arm in contact with the lug to move a predetermined distance away from said lug and permit the carriage to travel the same distance further than the ratchet bar.

8. The combination with a typewriter carriage; means for varying the distance of the travel of the carriage for each key action including a member slidable relatively to the carriage, a track mounted for inclination at different angles to the line of travel of the carriage, means located between said track and sliding member to control the extent of movement of the carriage relative to Said member, lever actuated mechanism for regulating the inclination of said track to vary the extent of travel of said carriage relative to said bar, and a gravity actuated device for locking the levers in operative position.

9. The combination with a typewriter earriage; means for varying the distance of the travel of the carriage for each key action including a member slidable relatively to the carriage, a track mounted for inclination at different angles to the line of travel of the carriage, means located between said track and sliding member to control the extent of movement of the carriage relative to said member, lever actuated mechanism for regulating the inclination of said track to control the movement of the means located between the track and sliding member to vary the extent of travel of said carriage relative to said bar, and a gravity actuated device for locking the levers in operative position, said device being releasable on the partial actuation of another lever.

10. The combination with a typewriter carriage; means for varying the distance of intranet the travel of the carriage for each lrey action including a member slidable relatively to the carriage, a track mounted for inclination at different angles to the line of travel of the carriage, means located between said traclr and sliding member to control the entent of movement of the carriage relative to said member, and a plurality of individually operable levers for controlling the extent of inclination of said traclr.

ill. The combination with a typewriter carriage and a ratchet bar slidable with reference thereto, of justifying means including a traclt mounted on a pivot located at a lined distance from the ratchet bar and adapted to assume different angular positions with reference thereto, a lever aember pivoted to the carriage and adapted to engage with said ratchet bar and the traclr, a plurality of lteys for controlling the spacing between the letters of each line,

means operated by said lreys for controlling h ll ing

said angular position of the track with ref erence, to the ratchet bar to cause the 1n.-

creased spacing between the letters of the line, and means for rendering said lever member inoperative and operative whereby the movement of the carriage may be changed from standard spacing to a justi tied spacing without changing the setting of the justifying means. i

la. justifying means for typewriters for drawing out short lines to standard line length including the combination with the carriage and standard ratchet bar, means for setting the justifying mechanism for a particular length of line tb start out, and means for "setting said mechanism at the beginning of each line to draw out that line to a particular number of standard spaces, said first named means comprising a pivoted track and an adjustable abutment, means operatively connecting the traclr and the ratchet bar, and said second named means comprisa selective hey controlled swinging frame carrying the abutment and adapted to change the position of thetraclr on its pivot,

and means for rendering said operative conp nection between the carriage and said traclt inoperative to permit standard'spacing of the carriage. V

18. The combination with a typewriter carriage and a ratchetbar slidable with reference thereto, of justifying means including a track mounted on a pivot located at a fixed distance from 'the ratchet bar, a memher pivoted to the carriage and adapted to engage with said ratchet bar and track, a frame movable toward and from the ratchet bar, an abutment on the frame for control ling the angular position of the traclt with reference to the ratchet bar, and a plurality of keys having means for shifting the frame toward and from the ratchet bar to vary the ed to change the position angle of inclination of the same with reference to said bar.

14-. lo a typewriter the combination with a carriage and a standard spacing ratchet bar, of a track member mounted to assume different inclinations with reference to the ratchet bar, a lever operatively comiecting the ratchet bar and the traclr, and means controlled selectively by any one of a plurality of keys for changing the relative inclination of the track with reference to the ratchet bar for drawing out a line of letters of the given length to a standard spacing corresponding to the key selected.

15. ltn a typewriter, the eomliiination with the standard carriage and standard spacing ratchet bar, of a lever carried by the carriage and operativcly engaged with said ratchet bar, a track member adapted to he engaged by the other end of said lever, said track being pivotally'mounted at one end a tired distance from the ratchet bar whereby it may swing in a plane parallel to the ratchet bar to assume different angular positions with reference thereto, and means for controlling the angular position of the traclt member comprising an abutment to more the traclr on its pivot to vary the angular position thereof, and a plurality of keys having means for shifting said means comprising the abutment 16., it justifying means for typewriters for drawing out short lines to standard line length including the combination with the carriage and standard ratchet bar, means for setting the justifying mechanism for a particular length of line to start out, and means for setting said mechanism at the beginning of each line to drawout that line to a particular number of'standard spaces, said first named means comprising a pivoted track and an adjustable abutment and means operatively connecting the tract; and the ratchet bar, and said second named means comprising a selective hey controlled swinging frame carrying the abutment and adapt of the traclr on its ivot.

ll'i The combination carriage and a ratchet bar slidable with reference thereto, of means for varying the distance of travel of the carriage for "each lrey action including ed to assume different angles with reference to the line of travel to the carriage, a lever mounted by the carriage and operatively connected with the ratchet bar and the traclr and adapted to permit the carriage to move a greater distance than the bar, and means controlled by a selected one of a plurality with a typewriter of keys for controlling the angular position of the track.

l8, 'lihe combinatlon with a typewriter carriage and a ratchet bar shdable with refa pivoted tracl; adapt ill-5 to change the position of reference to the'axis of track to vary the angle of of with reference to said the carriage. f v 19. In a typewriter, the combination with the carriage and standard ratchet bar thereof, a justifying mechanism including means for controlling the movement of the carriage independently of the standard ratchet bar, setting means adapted to be set to produce a line of any given number of standard spacesjin length, and a plurality of keys having means for controlling'the position of said setting means whereby the operation of a selected key draws out a shorter line a fixed number of spaces so that the actual the track, and means vlength'of the spacing between the letters of the line is controlled by the length of the line Hforwhich'the mechanism is set.

20. A justifying mechanism for writers comprising,

the standard carriage of, of a pivoted track ri the combination with and ratchet bar thereadapted to assume ditfereritaligles with reference to the line of travel of the said carriage, means for operatively connecting the ratchet bar with for effecting two settings of said track, -the-means for ell'ecting .one of said settings comprising an abutment slidably supported with reference to the track and adapted to engage the same whereby the length of the line of the copy to be justified is set at the start of the work, and means for effecting the other of said settings comprising key controlled means for moving the abutment toward and from the position of the ratchet bar thereby to vary the angle of the track whereby the spacing of the justified line will be automatically distributed for the rest of the line selected by the setting of the abutment.

In-testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

ROCHFORT WYBRANTS ROBINSON. 

